English inventions and discoveries 7

Agriculture Seed drill - Jethro Tull Steam-driven ploughing engine - John Fowler Pioneer of selective breeding and artificial selection - Robert Bakewell superphosphate or chemical fertilizer - John Bennet Lawes Pioneer of the increase in dairy farming systems - Rex Paterson The pioneer commercially successful light farm tractor - Dan Albone Rototiller - Edwin Beard Budding Astronomy Discovery on the planet Uranus and the moons Titania, Oberon, Enceladus, Mimas by Sir William Herschel Discovery of Triton and therefore the moons Hyperion, Ariel and Umbriel - William Lassell planetarium - John Theophilus Desaguliers[citation needed] Predicts the existence and placement of Neptune from irregularities inside the orbit of Uranus - John Couch Adams[citation needed] Bernard Lovell - Important contributions towards continuing growth of radio astronomy[citation needed] Newtonian telescope - Sir Isaac Newton[citation needed] Stephen Hawking - World-renowned theoretical physicist made many important contributions into the fields of cosmology and quantum gravity, specifically in the context of black holes[citation needed] Spiral galaxies - William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse[citation needed] Discovery of Halley's Comet - Edmond Halley[citation needed] Discovery of pulsars - Antony Hewish[citation needed] Discovery of Sunspots called the first person to brew a drawing for the Moon using a telescope - Thomas Harriot[citation needed] The Eddington limit, the natural limit on the luminosity of stars, or perhaps the radiation generated by accretion onto a compressed object - Arthur Stanley Eddington[citation needed] Aperture synthesis, utilized for accurate location and imaging of weak radio sources in neuro-scientific Radio astronomy - Martin Ryle and Antony Hewish[citation needed] Chemistry Marsh test for Arsenic - James Marsh[citation needed] Dalton's law and Law of multiple proportions - John Dalton[citation needed] The dwelling of DNA and pioneering the concept of molecular biology - co-developed by Francis Crick and the American James Watson[citation needed] DNA sequencing by chain termination - Frederick Sanger[citation needed] Discovery of introns in eukaryotic DNA as well as mechanism of gene-splicing - Richard J. Roberts[citation needed] Discovey of Buckminsterfullerene - Sir Harry Kroto[citation needed] Discovered the dwelling of ferrocene - Geoffrey Wilkinson & others[citation needed] Discovers hydrogen as a colorless, odourless gas that burns and can also form an explosive mixture with air - Henry Cavendish[citation needed] Proposes legal requirements of octaves, a precursor with the Periodic Law - John Newlands[citation needed] Bragg's law and establish the concept of X-ray crystallography, an essential tool for elucidating the crystal structure of substances - William Henry Bragg and William Lawrence Bragg[citation needed] Introduces very idea of atomic number to solve inadequacies of Mendeleev's periodic table, which in fact have been in line with atomic weight - Henry Moseley[citation needed] First isolation of Sodium - Humphry Davy[citation needed] First isolation of benzene, the initial known aromatic hydrocarbon - Michael Faraday[citation needed] Publishes Opus Maius, which among other things, proposes a first model of the scientific method, possesses outcome of his experiments with gunpowder - Roger Bacon[citation needed] Publishes several Aristotelian commentaries, an early framework to the scientific method - Robert Grosseteste[citation needed] Publishes The Proficience and Continuing development of Learning, what might later be referred to as the scientific method - Sir Francis Bacon[citation needed] The first discovery of aluminium - Sir Humphry Davy[citation needed] Pioneer at the beginning of Solar panel technology - Weston cell - Edward Weston (chemist)[citation needed] Proposes the very idea of isotopes, elements with chemical properties might have differing atomic weights - Frederick Soddy[citation needed] The synthesising of xenon hexafluoroplatinate at the first try to exhibit that noble gases can form substances - Neil Bartlett[citation needed] Callendar effect the idea that linked rising carbon concentrations inside atmosphere to global temperature (Climate change) - Guy Stewart Callendar[citation needed] Pioneer on the fuel cell - Francis Thomas Bacon[citation needed] Pioneer of Meteorology by building a nomenclature system for clouds which was proposed in the 1802 - Luke Howard[citation needed] Rayleigh scattering explains why the sky is blue, and predicted the use of the finish waves - John Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh[citation needed] Communications Uniform Penny Post, and postage stamp - Sir Rowland Hill Christmas card - Sir Henry Cole Valentines card - Modern card 18th century England Pencil - Cumbria,mac makeup wholesale, England[citation needed] Clockwork radio - Trevor Baylis The original Radio transmission finding a Spark Transmitter, achieving a wide range of approximately 500 metres. - David E. Hughes[citation needed] Discovered electromagnetic induction & Faraday's law of induction, experiments that found that light was getting some wave connected with electricity or magnetism, that will become examples of the first experiments in the discovery of radiowaves along with the healthy radio - Michael Faraday[citation needed] Pioneer inside development of radio communication - William Eccles[citation needed] The first radio station about the Isle of Wight[citation needed] On December 2,mac makeup, 1922, in Sorbonne, France, Edwin Belin, an Englishman demonstrated a mechanical code reader that was a young precursor to modern television[citation needed] The very first pocket sized handheld television, the MTV-1 - Sir Clive Sinclair[citation needed] Pioneering improve the creation of the long-lasting materials that made today's live view screen displays possible - Involving Scotsman George Gray and Englishman Ken Harrison With the Royal Radar Establishment at Malvern, Worcestershire as well as at the University of Hull[citation needed] 405-line television system was the first fully electronic television system to use in regular broadcasting - Alan Blumlein[citation needed] The first public broadcasts of high-definition television were made from Alexandra Palace, North London in 1936 - BBC Television Service[citation needed] The primary commercially successful electric telegraph - Sir Charles Wheatstone and Sir William Fothergill Cooke in 1837[citation needed] Pioneer of stereo - Alan Blumlein[citation needed] Microphone - Charles Wheatstone[citation needed] Pitman Shorthand - Isaac Pitman[citation needed] Discovered the photoconductivity of the element selenium. This discovery contributed to the invention of photoelectric cells (solar power), including those used in the primary television systems - Willoughby Smith in 1873[citation needed] Proposed a good the Kennellyeaviside layer, a layer of ionised gas that reflects radio waves about the Earth's curvature - Oliver Heaviside[citation needed] Important improvements with the facsimile machine (Fax Machine) - Frederick Bakewell[citation needed] The earliest SMS message was sent across the Vodafone GSM network in 1992 - Neil Papworth[citation needed] Typewriter - Henry Mill[citation needed] earth's first automatic totalisator - George Julius[citation needed] pioneer inside use of fiber optics in telecommunications - Charles K. Kao and George Hockham[citation needed] The originator belonging to the concise explaination geostationary satellites to the by using telecommunications relays - Arthur C Clarke Teletext Information Service - The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC)[citation needed] Computing Analytical engine - Sir Charles Babbage ACE and Pilot ACE - Alan Turing Bombe - Alan Turing Colossus computer Colossus computers were the best electric programmable computers. They used vacuum tubes and binary representation of numbers - Tommy Flowers Difference engine - Sir Charles Babbage First programmer - Ada Lovelace[citation needed] First Programming Language Analytical Engine ordercode - Charles Babbage and Ada Lovelace[citation needed] Boolean algebra, the idea for digital logic - George Boole[citation needed] Web - Sir Tim Berners-Lee Developed HTTP and HTML - Tim Berners-Lee[citation needed] Sumlock ANITA calculator the earth's first all-electronic desktop calculator - Bell Punch Co[citation needed] Sinclair Executive, the earth's first small electronic pocket calculator - Sir Clive Sinclair[citation needed] Osborne 1 The main commercially successful laptop, the precursor within the Laptop computer - Adam Osborne[citation needed] Designed what was the 1st personal computer, the GRiD Compass in 1979 - Bill Moggridge[citation needed] heavily active in the expansion of the Linux kernel - Andrew Morton & Alan Cox[citation needed] Sinclair ZX80, ZX81 and ZX Spectrum - Sir Clive Sinclair[citation needed] Flip-flop (electronics) circuit, which became the reasons for electronic memory (Random-access memory) in computers - William Eccles and F. W. Jordan[citation needed] Universal Turing machine - The UTM model is regarded as the original source from the "stored program computer" employed John von Neumann in 1946 for his "Electronic Computing Instrument" that now bears von Neumann's name: the von Neumann architecture, also UTM is considered to be the conception of this operating system - Alan Turing[citation needed] The roll-out of packet switching co-invented by Welshman Donald Davies and American Paul Baran - National Physical Laboratory, London England[citation needed] The original person to conceptualise the Integrated Circuit - Geoffrey W.A. Dummer[citation needed] The best modern computer Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine - (SSEM), nicknamed Baby. Was the first stored-program computer. Put together by Frederic Calland Williams & Tom Kilburn[citation needed] Williams tube - a cathode ray tube which is used to electronically store binary data (Can store roughly 500 to at least one,000 pieces of data) - Freddie Williams & Tom Kilburn[citation needed] Manchester Mark 1 Historically significant computer due to its pioneering inclusion of index registers - Freddie Williams and Tom Kilburn[citation needed] Autocode perceived as the main ever computer compiler in 1952 for that Manchester Mark 1 computer - Alick Glennie[citation needed] Developed the idea of microprogramming from your realisation that Central Processing Unit (CPU) associated with a computer may be controlled utilizing a miniature, highly specialised software in high-speed ROM - Maurice Wilkes in 1951[citation needed] Ferranti Mark 1 - Generally known as the Manchester Electronic Computer was the 1st computer to make the principles of early CPU design (Central processing unit) - Freddie Williams and Tom Kilburn - Also earth's first successful commercially available general-purpose electronic computer.[citation needed] The oldest known recordings of computer generated music were played through Ferranti Mark 1 computer - Christopher Strachey[citation needed] EDSAC was the 1st complete, fully functional computer to utilise the von Neumann architecture, the cornerstone of each and every modern computer - Maurice Wilkes[citation needed] EDSAC 2 the successor towards Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator or EDSAC. It absolutely was the pioneer computer to undertake a microprogrammed (Microcode)control unit including a bit slice hardware architecture - Team headed by Maurice Wilkes[citation needed] The primary graphical blu-ray OXO in the EDSAC at Cambridge University - A.S. Douglas[citation needed] The worlds first video game with 3D graphics - Elite (gaming) Invented by David Braben and Ian Bell in 1984[citation needed] Metrovick 950 was the main commercial transistor computer built-in 1959 - Metropolitan-Vickers company[citation needed][citation needed] LEO (computer) Made history by running the 1st business application (payroll system) on electronic computer in 1951 for J. Lyons and Co - Maurice Wilkes[citation needed] Atlas Computer, it had become arguably the first supercomputer the fastest computer on the planet turmoil the American CDC 6600 Also This machine introduced many modern architectural concepts: spooling, interrupts, pipelining, interleaved memory, virtual memory and paging - Team headed by Tom Kilburn[citation needed] The worlds first web browser called WorldWideWeb that ran in the NeXTSTEP platform. That it was later renamed Nexus and avoid confusion aided by the Net - Sir Tim Berners-Lee[citation needed] digital audio player (Ipod mp3 player) - Kane Kramer[citation needed] Touchpad Pointing device - First developed for Psion PLC's Psion MC 200/400/600/WORD Series in 1989[citation needed] Co-Inventor of one's world's first trackball device - made by Tom Cranston, Fred Longstaff and Kenyon Taylor[citation needed] Earth's first handheld computer (Psion Organiser) - Psion PLC[citation needed] The earliest rugged computer - Husky (computer)[citation needed] First PC-compatible palmtop computer (Atari Portfolio) - Ian Cullimore[citation needed] Denotational semantics - Christopher Strachey pioneer in programming language design[citation needed] Wolfram's 2-state 3-symbol Turing machine - Stephen Wolfram[citation needed] Clock making Anchor escapement - Robert Hooke Atomic clock with improved accuracy - Louis Essen[citation needed] Balance spring - Robert Hooke Balance wheel - Robert Hooke[citation needed] Co-axial escapement - George Daniels[citation needed] Grasshopper escapement, Gridiron pendulum, H1, H2, H3 and H4 watches (a watch built to solve the longitude measurement problem) - John Harrison Gridiron pendulum - John Harrison[citation needed] Lever escapement The maximum single improvement ever used on pocket watches - Thomas Mudge[citation needed] Marine chronometer - John Harrison[citation needed] Clothing manufacturing Derby Rib (stocking manufacture) - Jedediah Strutt[citation needed] Flying shuttle - John Kay[citation needed] Mauveine, the very first synthetic organic dye - William Henry Perkin[citation needed] Power loom - Edmund Cartwright[citation needed] Spinning frame - John Kay[citation needed] Spinning jenny - James Hargreaves[citation needed] Spinning mule - Samuel Crompton[citation needed] Polyester - John Rex Whinfield[citation needed] Machine - Thomas Saint[citation needed] Water frame - Richard Arkwright[citation needed] Stocking frame - William Lee[citation needed] Warp-loom and Bobbinet - John Heathcoat[citation needed] Criminology Police - Robert Peel[citation needed] DNA fingerprinting - Sir Alec Jeffreys[citation needed] By far the first national DNA database developed in 1995[citation needed] Devised a method for classifying fingerprints that proved beneficial in forensic science - Francis Galton[citation needed] Iris recognition - John Daugman[citation needed] Chemist who developed the Marsh test for detecting arsenic poisoning - James Marsh[citation needed] Cryptography Playfair cipher - Charles Wheatstone[citation needed] Engineering Adjustable spanner - Edwin Beard Budding[citation needed] Cavity Magnetron - Dr Harry Boot[citation needed] Electric Transformer - Michael Faraday[citation needed] First coke-consuming blast furnace - Abraham Darby I[citation needed] First working universal joint - Robert Hooke[citation needed] Produced the main commercial steel alloy in 1868 - Robert Forester Mushet[citation needed] Crookes tube the main Cathode ray tubes - William Crookes[citation needed] First Compression ignition engine aka the Diesel Engine - Herbert Akroyd Stuart[citation needed] Steam Engine - Thomas Savery[citation needed] Newcomen steam engine - Thomas Newcomen[citation needed] Modified version within the Newcomen steam engine (Pickard engine) - James Pickard[citation needed] Steam turbine - Charles Algernon Parsons[citation needed] Pendulum Governor - Frederick Lanchester[citation needed] High strength graphite - Royal Aircraft Establishment in 1963 - Also on January 14, 1969 Carr Reinforcements (Stockport, England) wove the most important carbon fiber fabric inside the world[citation needed] The 1st screw-cutting lathe - Henry Maudslay[citation needed] Disc Brakes - Frederick Williams[citation needed] Internal combustion engine - Samuel Brown[citation needed] Fourdrinier machine - Henry Fourdrinier[citation needed] Microchip - Geoffrey W.A. Dummer[citation needed] light-emitting diode (could not invent the main visible light, only theorised)- H. J. Round[citation needed] Turbo Jet engine - Sir Frank Whittle[citation needed] Francis turbine - James B. Francis[citation needed] Gas turbine - John Barber (engineer)[citation needed] Two-stroke engine - Dugald Clerk and Joseph Day[citation needed] Pioneer of radio guidance systems - Archibald Low[citation needed] Screw-cutting lathe - Henry Hindley[citation needed] The main electrical measuring instrument, the electroscope - William Gilbert[citation needed] Slide rule - William Oughtred[citation needed] Devised an ordinary for screw threads resulting in its widespread acceptance - Joseph Whitworth[citation needed] The Wimshurst machine is usually an Electrostatic generator for producing high voltages - James Wimshurst[citation needed] Hot bulb engine or heavy oil engine - Herbert Akroyd Stuart[citation needed] Hydraulic crane - William George Armstrong[citation needed] Vacuum diode known as a Vacuum tube - John Ambrose Fleming[citation needed] Linear motor is known as a multi-phase alternating current (AC) motor unit - Charles Wheatstone then improved by Eric Laithwaite[citation needed] Designed water and sewerage systems for more that 30 cities across Europe - William Lindley[citation needed] The Iron Bridge (1791), the very first metal bridge of any sort - Abraham Darby III[citation needed] Food Apple Pie[citation needed] Bangers and mash[citation needed] Bird's Custard - Alfred Bird[citation needed] Black Pudding[citation needed] Branston Pickle[citation needed] Brown Sauce (HP Sauce)[citation needed] Bubble and Squeak[citation needed] Cheddar cheese Cornish pasty[citation needed] Cottage pie[citation needed] Cumberland sausage[citation needed] Eccles cake[citation needed] English mustard Fish and Chips[citation needed] Full English breakfast Gravy[citation needed] Haggis - Normally assumed to get Scottish nonetheless the first known written recipe for a dish from the name (as 'hagese'), created with offal and herbs, consistantly improves verse cookbook Liber Cure Cocorum dating from around 1430 in Lancashire, North-West England. Frozen goodies - Modern Goodies 1718 England Jellied eels[citation needed] Kendal mint cake[citation needed] Lancashire hotpot Lincolnshire sausage Marmite[citation needed] Pancake - Modern pancake, English culinary manuscript 1430 Parkin[citation needed] Pasty[citation needed] Piccalilli[citation needed] Pork pie[citation needed] Sandwich - John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich[citation needed] Scouse[citation needed] Shepherd's pie[citation needed] Carbonated water, major and defining component to coca cola - Joseph Priestley Spotted Dick[citation needed] Steak and kidney pie[citation needed] Sunday roast[citation needed] Toad inside the hole[citation needed] Worcestershire sauce Yorkshire Pudding[citation needed] Household appliances Ballbarrow - James Dyson[citation needed] Collapsible baby buggy - Owen Maclaren[citation needed] domestic diswasher - key modifications by William Howard Livens Dyson DC01 - James Dyson[citation needed] Fire extinguisher - George William Manby[citation needed] Folding carton - Charles Henry Foyle[citation needed] Rototiller - Edwin Beard Budding[citation needed] Rubber band - Stephen Perry[citation needed] Electric - John Frederic Daniell[citation needed] Light Bulb - Joseph Wilson Swan[citation needed] Tin can - Peter Durand[citation needed] Light switch - Invented by John Holmes in 1884[citation needed] Corkscrew - Reverend Samuell Henshall[citation needed] Mouse trap - James Henry Atkinson[citation needed] Sewing machine - Thomas Saint[citation needed] Postage Stamp - Rowland Hill[citation needed] Carpet cleaner (not the main vac cleaner, but electric version) - Hubert Cecil Booth[citation needed] Flushing toilet - Thomas Crapper and John Harington[citation needed] The pay toilet - John Nevil Maskelyne,nfl store, Maskelyne invented a lock for London toilets which required a cent to use, hence the euphemism "spend a penny".[citation needed] Electric Toaster - Rookes Evelyn Bell Crompton[citation needed] Teasmade - Albert E. Richardson[citation needed] Magnification device - Roger Bacon[citation needed] Thermosiphon which forms the foundation in all modern central heating systems - Thomas Fowler[citation needed] Automatic electric kettle - Russell Hobbs[citation needed] Industrial processes English crucible steel - Benjamin Huntsman[citation needed] Steel production Bessemer process - Henry Bessemer[citation needed] Hydraulic press - Joseph Bramah[citation needed] Fourdrinier machine will be grounds for most advanced papermaking machines - Henry Fourdrinier[citation needed] Parkesine, the first man-made plastic - Alexander Parkes[citation needed] Portland cement - Joseph Aspdin[citation needed] Sheffield plate - Thomas Boulsover[citation needed] Water frame - Richard Arkwright[citation needed] Stainless - Harry Brearley[citation needed] Rubber Masticator - Thomas Hancock[citation needed] Power Loom - Edmund Cartwright[citation needed] Parkes process - Alexander Parkes[citation needed] Lead chamber process - John Roebuck[citation needed] Development of the first commercially successful output of top quality flat glass while using the float glass process - Alastair Pilkington[citation needed] Pioneer's with the Industrial Revolution - Isambard Kingdom Brunel - Abraham Darby I - Abraham Darby II - Abraham Darby III - Robert Forester Mushet[citation needed] The best commercial electroplating process - George Elkington[citation needed] Medical First correct description of circulation from the blood - William Harvey[citation needed] Smallpox vaccine - Edward Jenner[citation needed] Antisepsis in surgery - Joseph Lister[citation needed] Artificial intraocular lens transplant surgery for cataract patients - Harold Ridley[citation needed] Clinical thermometer - Thomas Clifford Allbutt. Colour blindness first explained by John Dalton in Extraordinary facts between vision of colours Credited with discovering find out how to culture embryonic stem cells almost 30 years ago - Martin Evans[citation needed] Finished innovative research about the make use of penicillin from the removing the venereal disease in the Scottish scientist Sir Alexander Fleming london - Jack Suchet[citation needed] First blood pressure measurement and first cardiac catheterisation-Stephen Hales Pioneer of anaesthesia and father of epidemiology for simply finding the supply of cholera - John Snow (physician)[citation needed] pioneered the effective use of sodium cromoglycate as being a fix for asthma - Roger Altounyan[citation needed] The very first scientist to demonstrate that a cancer may well be attributed to an environmental carcinogen anyone belonging to the founders of orthopedy - Percivall Pott[citation needed] Performed the most important blood transfusion - James Blundell[citation needed] Discovered the active component of Aspirin - Edward Stone[citation needed] Discovery of Protein crystallography - Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin[citation needed] The entire world first successful stem cell transplant and the first British Bone Marrow Transplant using bone marrow originating from a matching sibling - John Raymond Hobbs[citation needed] First typhoid vaccine - Almroth Wright[citation needed] Pioneer for the treatments for epilepsy - Edward Henry Sieveking[citation needed] discovery of Nitrous oxide (entonox"laughing gas") will be anaesthetic properties - Humphrey Davy Computed Tomography (CT scanner) - Godfrey Newbold Hounsfield[citation needed] Gray's Anatomy widely regarded the best complete body anatomy textbook - Henry Gray[citation needed] Discovered Parkinson's disease - James Parkinson[citation needed] General anaesthetic - Pionered by Scotsman James Young Simpson and Englishman John Snow[citation needed] Contributed with the growth and development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - Sir Peter Mansfield[citation needed] The roll-out of in vitro fertilization - Patrick Christopher Steptoe and Robert Geoffrey Edwards[citation needed] First test-tube baby - born 1978 England[citation needed] First baby genetically selected to remain unencumbered with a cancer of the breast - University College London[citation needed] Viagra - Peter Dunn, Albert Wood, Dr Nicholas Terrett[citation needed] Pioneer of contemporary nursing - Florence Nightingale[citation needed] Acetylcholine - Henry Hallett Dale[citation needed] EKG (underlying principles) - various[citation needed] Vitamins and Tryptophan - Frederick Gowland Hopkins[citation needed] diagnostic ultrasound - John J. Wild (although his research was conducted in US)[citation needed] Identifying the mosquito as being the carrier of malaria: Sir Ronald Ross (18571932) (born India,mlb shop, educated in England; mother English and father Scottish) Earliest pharmacopoeia in English Military Congreve rocket - William Congreve[citation needed] High explosive squash head - Sir Charles Dennistoun Burney[citation needed] Shrapnel shell - Henry Shrapnel[citation needed] Harrier Jump Jet[citation needed] Puckle Gun - James Puckle Concentration Camps - First made use of by Lord Kitchener throughout the (Scotland carries with it an earlier concentration camp in Edinburgh the Covenanters prison) South African War[citation needed] The inside by side Boxlock action, AKA The double barreled shotgun - Anson and Deeley[citation needed] Dreadnought Battleship[citation needed] Bailey Bridge - Donald Bailey[citation needed] Chobham armour[citation needed] Livens Projector - William Howard Livens Central in the continuing growth of H2S radar (airborne radar to back up the bomb targeting) - Alan Blumlein[citation needed] Bouncing bomb - Barnes Wallis Safety fuse - William Bickford[citation needed] Armstrong Gun - Sir William Armstrong[citation needed] Depth charge[citation needed] Stun grenades - Invented by the SAS inside 60s.[citation needed] Smokeless propellant to replace gunpowder by using Cordite - Frederick Abel[citation needed] Torpedo - Robert Whitehead[citation needed] The world's first practical underwater active sound detection apparatus, the ASDIC Active Sonar - Involving Canadian physicist Robert William Boyle and English physicist Albert Beaumont Wood[citation needed] The main self-powered machine gun Maxim gun - Sir Hiram Maxim, Although the Inventor is American, the Maxim gun was financed by Albert Vickers of Vickers Limited company and made in Hatton Garden London[citation needed] Steam catapult-Commander Colin C. Mitchell RNVR[citation needed] Mining Davy lamp - Humphry Davy[citation needed] Geordie lamp - George Stephenson[citation needed] Beam engine - Put to use in pumping water from mines[citation needed] Musical instruments Concertina - Charles Wheatstone[citation needed] Theatre organ - Robert Hope-Jones[citation needed] English horn - A version with the Oboe Logical bassoon, an electronically controlled version on the bassoon - Giles Brindley[citation needed] Northumbrian smallpipes Tuning fork - John Shore[citation needed] Photography Ambrotype - Frederick Scott Archer[citation needed] Calotype - William Fox Talbot[citation needed] Collodion process - Frederick Scott Archer[citation needed] Stereoscope - Charles Wheatstone[citation needed] Thomas Wedgwood - pioneer of photography, devised the tactic to copy visible images chemically to permanent media.[citation needed] Dry plate process also referred to as gelatine process, is the first economically successful durable photographic medium - Richard Leach Maddox[citation needed] Kinemacolor was the pioneer successful colour film process, used commercially from 1908 to 1914 - George Albert Smith[citation needed] cinematography - William Friese-Greene[citation needed] Motion picture camera, the Kinetoscope - William Kennedy Laurie Dickson[citation needed] The best movie projector, the Zoopraxiscope - Eadweard Muybridge[citation needed] The primary experimental film called "The Horse in Motion" in 1872 - Eadweard Muybridge[citation needed] Science Modern atomic theory - John Dalton[citation needed] Equals sign Robert Recorde, Welshman[citation needed] Compound microscope with 30x magnification - Robert Hooke[citation needed] Universal Joint - Robert Hooke[citation needed] The Iris diaphragm - Robert Hooke[citation needed] Anchor escapement as well as balance spring, which made more accurate clocks possible - Robert Hooke[citation needed] Correct theory of combustion - Robert Hooke[citation needed] Chromatography - Richard Laurence Millington Synge[citation needed] Arnold Frederic Wilkins - pioneer in your advancement of Radar[citation needed] Atwood machine useful for illustrating what the law states of uniformly accelerated motion - George Atwood[citation needed] Barometer, anemometer, and hygrometer (invented or improved) - Robert Hooke[citation needed] Hooke's Law (equation describing elasticity) - Robert Hooke[citation needed] Turbine (dynamo) - Michael Faraday[citation needed] Cavity magnetron - Harry Boot critical component for Microwave generation in Microwave ovens and powerful Radios[citation needed] Calculus - Sir Isaac Newton[citation needed] Galvanometer - William Sturgeon[citation needed] Infrared radiation - discovery commonly caused by William Herschel.[citation needed] Holography - First having to do with Dennis Gabor in Rugby, England. Improved by Nicholas J. Phillips who managed to make it possible to record multi-colour reflection holograms[citation needed] Discovery with the pion (pi-meson) - Cecil Frank Powell[citation needed] Wheatstone bridge - Samuel Hunter Christie[citation needed] Triple achromatic lens - Peter Dollond[citation needed] Newtonian telescope - Sir Isaac Newton[citation needed] Hawking radiation - Stephen Hawking[citation needed] Established that electric circuits obey legal issues of one's conservation of their time and this electricity is known as a model of energy First Law of Thermodynamics. Also the unit of energy, the Joule is called after him - James Prescott Joule[citation needed] Micrometer - Sir William Gascoigne[citation needed] the original bench micrometer that's in a position to measuring to 1 ten thousandth of an inch - Henry Maudslay[citation needed] Sinclair Executive, the earth's first small electronic pocket calculator - Sir Clive Sinclair[citation needed] Discovered the element argon - John Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh with Scotsman William Ramsay[citation needed] Standard deviation - Francis Galton[citation needed] Slide rule - William Oughtred Synthesis of coumarin, among the first synthetic perfumes, and cinnamic acid through Perkin reaction- William Henry Perkin[citation needed] Gravitational forces - Sir Isaac Newton[citation needed] Newton's laws to move - Sir Isaac Newton[citation needed] DNA fingerprinting - Sir Alec Jeffreys[citation needed] Smallpox Vaccination - Edward Jenner[citation needed] Electromagnet - William Sturgeon[citation needed] Helium - Norman Lockyer[citation needed] Weather map - Sir Francis Galton Introduced the "" symbol for multiplication along with the abbreviations "sin" and "cos" with the sine and cosine functions - William Oughtred[citation needed] Dew Point Hygrometer - John Frederic Daniell[citation needed] Periodic Table - John Alexander Reina Newlands[citation needed] Splitting the atom - John Cockcroft and Irish physicist Ernest Walton[citation needed] Seismograph - John Milne[citation needed] Discovery of oxygen gas (O2) - Joseph Priestley[citation needed] Discovery of your Atom(nuclear label of) - Ernest Rutherford[citation needed] Discovery within the Proton - Ernest Rutherford[citation needed] Discovery for the Electron, isotopes and then the inventor from the Mass spectrometer - J. J. Thomson[citation needed] Discovery of the Neutron - James Chadwick[citation needed] Discovery of Hydrogen - Henry Cavendish[citation needed] Nuclear transfer - Is actually a model of cloning first put into practice by Ian Wilmut and Keith Campbell to clone Dolly the Sheep[citation needed] Theory of Evolution - Charles Darwin[citation needed] Transport Railways The most important full scale railway steam locomotive was integrated 1804 - Richard Trevithick[citation needed] Great Western Railway - Isambard Kingdom Brunel[citation needed] Stockton and Darlington Railway the Worlds first operational steam passenger railway[citation needed] First inter-city steam-powered railway - Liverpool and Manchester Railway[citation needed] Locomotives Blcher - George Stephenson[citation needed] Puffing Billy -William Hedley[citation needed] Locomotion 1 - Robert Stephenson[citation needed] Sans Pareil - Timothy Hackworth[citation needed] Stourbridge Lion - Foster, Rastrick and Company[citation needed] Stephenson's Rocket - George and Robert Stephenson[citation needed] The Salamanca - Matthew Murray[citation needed] Other railway developments Displacement lubricator, Ramsbottom safety valve, the river trough, the split piston ring - John Ramsbottom[citation needed] Maglev (transport) rail system - Eric Laithwaite[citation needed] World's oldest underground railway as well as the oldest rapid transit system. It had been also the main underground railway to run electric trains - London underground[citation needed] Advanced Passenger Train(APT) was an experimental Broadband Train that introduced tilting - British Rail[citation needed] Roads Bowden cable - Frank Bowden[citation needed] Cat's eye - Percy Shaw Hansom cab - Joseph Hansom[citation needed] Seatbelt - George Cayley[citation needed] Sinclair C5 - Sir Clive Sinclair[citation needed] Inventor of tarmac - E. Purnell Hooley[citation needed] Tension-spokeWire wheels - George Cayley[citation needed] Belisha beacon - Leslie Hore-Belisha[citation needed] ThrustSSC jet-propelled car supports the World Land Speed Record, it achieved a speed of a,228 km/h (763 mph). The actual vehicle was created and integrated England - ThrustSSC Project director Richard Noble, Designed by Ron Ayers, Glynne Bowsher, Jeremy Bliss and piloted by Andy Green[citation needed] Lotus 25 Accepted as the initial modern F1 race car intended for the 1962 F1 season. It turned out new design the very first fully stressed monocoque chassis to seem in Formula One - Colin Chapman, Team Lotus[citation needed] Horstmann suspension, tracked armoured fighting vehicle suspension - Sidney Horstmann[citation needed] Steam fire engine - John Braithwaite[citation needed] Safety bicycle - John Kemp Starley & Dan Albone[citation needed] First traffic lights installed (gas lamp) - Outside Houses of Parliament, London. December 10, 1868[citation needed] First automatic traffic lights installed - Wolverhampton England. 1927[citation needed] Sea Plimsol line - Samuel Plimsoll[citation needed] Hovercraft - Christopher Cockerell[citation needed] Lifeboat - Lionel Lukin[citation needed] Resurgam - George Garrett[citation needed] Richard Hall Gower Transit (ship)[citation needed] Submarine - Produced by Englishman William Bourne and built by Dutchman Cornelius Drebbel in 1620[citation needed] SS The united kingdom, earth's first steam-powered, screw propeller-driven passenger liner with a iron hull. Made by Isambard Kingdom Brunel and launched in 1843 it was actually at the moment very large ship afloat.[citation needed] Turbinia, the original steam turbine powered steamship, developed by the engineer Sir Charles Algernon Parsons and made in Newcastle upon Tyne[citation needed] Diving Equipment/Scuba Gear - Henry Fleuss[citation needed] Diving bell - Edmund Halley[citation needed] Sextant - John Bird[citation needed] Octant (instrument) - Independently brought to life by Englishman John Hadley and therefore the American Thomas Godfrey[citation needed] Whirling speculum, A continuing can be seen as a precursor into the gyroscope - John Serson[citation needed] Screw propeller - Francis Pettit Smith[citation needed] Our planet's first patent a great underwater echo ranging device (Sonar) - Lewis Richardson[citation needed] hydrophone Before the invention of Sonar convoy escort ships used the criminals to detect U-boats, greatly lessening the strength of the submarine - Research headed by Ernest Rutherford[citation needed] Air Aeronautics and flight - George Cayley[citation needed] Jet Engine - Sir Frank Whittle[citation needed] Steam Powered Flight together with the Aerial Steam Carriage - John Stringfellow- Earth's first powered flight passed off at Chard in Somerset 55 years prior to when the Wright brothers work for balance Kitty Hawk[citation needed] VTOL (Vertical Take-Off and Landing) fighter-bomber aircraft - Hawker P.1127, Designed by Sydney Camm[citation needed] The first commercial jet airliner (de Havilland Comet)[citation needed] Pioneer of parachute design - Robert Cocking[citation needed] Pioneer of glider development & first well-documented human flight. He discovered and identified a few aerodynamic forces of flight - weight, lift, drag, and thrust. Modern airplane design is based on those discoveries including cambered wings. They're sometimes called the "Father of aviation" - George Cayley[citation needed] Hale rockets, improved version for the Congreve rocket design that introduced Thrust vectoring - William Hale[citation needed] Sport Football - The foundations as we know them today were established in 1848 at Cambridge University, Sheffield F.C. is acknowledged via the Football Association and FIFA to always be the Worlds First and oldest Soccer team. Rugby - William Webb Ellis[citation needed] Cricket - the second-most popular sport could very well be traced on the 13th century Tennis - well regarded to acquire came from England. Badminton - Modern rules of your game premiered in 1873 for the Badminton House after being imported from India by British soldiers.[citation needed] Boxing - England played an important factor role in your evolution of modern boxing[citation needed] Darts - a standard pub game, the numbering layout was devised by Brian Gamlin[citation needed] Table-Tennis - was invented around the dinner tables of Britain for being an indoor version of tennis[citation needed] Table tennis - A game possesses its own origins in England, inside the 1880s[citation needed] Bowls - is actually traced to 13th century England Field hockey - the present day game grew from English public schools in early 19th century[citation needed] Netball - netball was played in England in 1895 at Madame Osterburg's College, Introduced by Clara Gregory Baer as women's basketball, adopted in England as Netball Rounders - the video game originates in England very likely from an older game called stool ball[citation needed] The Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race, the pioneer race is in 1829 at the River Thames inside london Thoroughbred Horseracing - Was first coded in 17th and Eighteenth century England[citation needed] Polo - its roots began in Persia in the form of training game for cavalry units, the formal codification with the rules of modern Polo like a sport were established in 1800s England[citation needed] The format of recent Olympics - William Penny Brookes[citation needed] The primary Paralympic games competition were stuck England in 1948 - Ludwig Guttmann Miscellaneous Bayko - Charles Plimpton[citation needed] Linoleum - Frederick Walton Meccano - Frank Hornby[citation needed] Crossword puzzle - Arthur Wynne[citation needed] Gas Mask - (disputed) John Tyndall and others[citation needed] Graphic telescope - Cornelius Varley[citation needed] Steel-ribbed Umbrella - Samuel Fox[citation needed] Plastic - Alexander Parkes[citation needed] Plasticine - William Harbutt[citation needed] Police - Robert Peel[citation needed] Carbonated softdrink - Joseph Priestley[citation needed] Friction Match - John Walker[citation needed] Invented the rubber balloon - Michael Faraday[citation needed] Earliest understanding of a Metric system - John Wilkins[citation needed] Edmondson railway ticket - Thomas Edmondson[citation needed] The worlds first Nature Reserve - Charles Waterton[citation needed] Public Park - Joseph Paxton[citation needed] Scouts - Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell[citation needed] Spirograph - Denys Fisher[citation needed] The Young Men's Christian Association YMCA was founded working in london - George Williams (YMCA)[citation needed] The Salvation Army, noted for being one of several largest distributors of humanitarian aid - Methodist minister William Booth[citation needed] Prime meridian - George Biddell Airy[citation needed] America - Founding Fathers who wrote the U.S. Declaration of Independence and U.S. Constitution were of primarily English descent Produced the earliest complete printed translation for the Bible into English - Myles Coverdale[citation needed] Silicone - Frederick Kipping[citation needed] See also Welsh inventions and discoveries Scottish inventions and discoveries Irish inventions and discoveries Dutch inventions and discoveries German inventions and discoveries Swedish inventions Science in Medieval Western Europe References ^ "Tiscali encyclopaedia: Seed drill". http://www.tiscali.co.uk/reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0006239.html.  ^ Mr. Herschel and Dr. Watson (1781). "Account on the Comet. By Mr. Herschel, F. R. S.; Communicated by Dr. Watson, Jun. of Bath, F. R. S." (PDF). Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. 71: 492501. doi:10.1098/rstl.1781.0056. http://rstl.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/71/492.full.pdf+html.  ^ "Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature: Planet and Satellite Names and Discoverers". http://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/append7.html.  ^ ^ The British Postal Museum & Archive Rowland Hill Postal Reforms ^ Earnshaw, Iris (November 2003). "The Good reputation for Christmas Cards". Inverloch Historical Society Inc.. http://home.vicnet.net.au/~invhs/2004.htm. Retrieved 2008-07-25.  ^ http://www.emotionscards.com/museum/vals.html ^ "About TREVOR BAYLIS the inventor of this windup technology". http://windupradio.com/trevor.htm.  ^ a b "From the Monthly Notices in the Royal Astronomical Society 70, 517-526, 645 (Errata) (1910) By Major-General H. P. Babbage". http://www.fourmilab.ch/babbage/hpb1910.html.  ^ a b "Turing biography". http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Turing.html.  ^ "Annals of this Status for Computing, Volume 5, Number 3, July 1983 . p239, The style of Colossus, THOMAS H. FLOWERS". http://www.ivorcatt.com/47c.htm.  ^ "Frequently asked questions through the Press - Tim BL". http://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/FAQ.  ^ "The Origin and Evolution from the Anchor Clock Escapement". http://www.oocities.com/CapeCanaveral/Hall/3934/anchor.html.  ^ A. R. Hall, "Horology and criticism: Robert Hooke", Studia Copernicana, XVI, Ossolineum, 1978, 261-81 ^ "Longitude clock comes alive". BBC News. 2002-03-11. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/1864737.stm. Retrieved 2010-01-03.  ^ ^ Liber cure Cocorum - Daily life English Translation with Notes, -Based on Richard Morris' transcription of 1862. ^ Eales, Mary (1985) . Mrs. Mary Eales's Receipts. London: Prospect Books. ISBN 0-907325-25-4. OCLC 228661650.  ^ http://www.pancakeology.com/node/5 ^ Mary Bellis (2009-03-06). "Joseph Priestley - Soda Water - Joseph Priestly". Inventors.about.com. http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blJosephPriestley.htm. Retrieved 2009-06-08.  ^ [Keogh, Brian (1997) The facts Sauce: previous Lea & Perrins ISBN 9780953216918] ^ http://v3.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC=FR&NR=579765&KC=&FT=E ^ "1866." The People's Chronology. Ed. Jason M. Everett. Thomson Gale, 2006. eNotes.com. 2006. 13 May 2007 ^ Dalton J, 1798 "Extraordinary facts amongst the vision of colours: with observations" Memoirs of the Literary and Philosophical Society of Manchester 5 28-45 ^ Morris Fishbein, M.D., ed (1976). "Anesthesia". The New Illustrated Health and medical Encyclopedia. 1 (Home Library Edition ed.). Ny, N.Y. 10016: H. S. Stuttman Co. pp. 89 ^ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1044312/pdf/medhist00014-0139.pdf ^ Use of Gas In The Field, 1940 ^ "The Oughtred Society: Slide Rule History". http://www.oughtred.org/history-new.shtml.  ^ Francis Galton (18221911) from Eric Weisstein's N entire world of Scientific Biography ^ "The day Percy found an effective solution!". http://www.halifaxtoday.co.uk/mk4custompages/CustomPage.aspx?PageID=39556.  ^ Encyclopedia of British Football by Richard Cox et al., Routledge, 2002 page 5 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ Frederick Walton : Oxford Biography Index entry v  d  e Inventions by nation or region Lists of inventors British (English  Welsh)  German  Jewish  New Zealand  Romanian  Russian Lists of inventions Britain: (England  Scotland)  Byzantine Empire  Canada  China  France  Germany  India  Medieval Islam  Italy  Japan  Korea  Netherlands  Russia Timelines of inventions Australia  Ireland  Islamic world  Sweden  Nation v  d  e  England topics History Timeline  Prehistoric  Roman Britain  Logres  Heptarchy  Anglo-Saxon England  Kingdom of England  Norman conquest  Angevin Empire  Wars on the Roses  Tudor period  Stuart period  English Renaissance  English Reformation  Elizabethan era  Jacobean era  Civil War  Union with Scotland  Georgian era  Regency  Victorian era  Edwardian period  The Blitz  Maritime reputation England Politics Governance (Elizabethan)  Parliament  Monarchy  Economy Geography Regions  Counties  Districts  Gardens  Islands  Places  Towns  Parishes Demographics English language in England  English people (list) Culture Castles  Religion  Church of England  Education  Museums  Innovations and discoveries  Cuisine  Anglophilia Symbols National flag (list)  Heraldry  Coat of arms  Tudor Rose  Oak tree  St. George (St. George's Day) Sport Football (The Football Association, national football team)   Cricket (National cricket team)  Rugby league  Rugby union (National rugby team, Rugby Football Union)  Wimbledon England portal Categories: Inventions English inventions Reputation of England Reputation technology Lists of inventions or discoveriesHidden categories: Articles with unsourced statements from March 2009 All articles with unsourced statements Incomplete lists Articles with unsourced statements from December 2009 Articles with unsourced statements from July 2008 I am just China Product writer, reports some good information about luxury bedding comforters , jacquard comforter set. 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